The hot oil process, based on a single layer of nuts passed for a few minutes in cashew nut shell liquid at 187–194 °C, coupled with the pre-conditioning of the nuts, also provides an extraction yield up to 90 %. Other methods have been reported using different solvents in solid–liquid and spray-type processes at lower temperatures (Das et al. 2004) and, more recently, relying on supercritical carbon dioxide (Patel et al. 2006).
OZSTAR (www.ozstarmachinery.com) has the best nuts processing systems including roasters, fryers of different kinds and of various capacities to give you the perfectly roasted nuts! OZSTAR also provides additional equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts.
OZSTAR (www.ozstarmakina.com) has already
various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for
nuts controlled by touch screen.As previously mentioned, the composition of
the cashew nut shell liquid considerably varies depending on the extraction
method used (Table 3), with three major components being present in different
percentages: anacardic acid, cardanol, and cardol (Tyman 1977) (Fig. 4).
The so-called natural nut shell liquid, i.e., cold, solvent extracted nut shell liquid, contains up to 90 % of anacardic acid to which the medical properties of the material are attributed; it has 10–20 % of cardol that is responsible for the vesicant activity of the liquid and contains only a small percentage of cardanol, if any (5 %). In the technical nut shell liquid, i.e., the heat-extracted nut shell liquid, the heating process leads to the decarboxylation of the anacardic acid to form cardanol, which is of particular interest for its polymerizable side chain and phenolic group.
The typical composition is then more than 50 % cardanol, 10 % cardol, and 30 % other polymeric materials that are then removed by distilling the extract. This further increases the cardanol content up to 78 % (Das et al. 2004; Lubi and Thachil 2000). Normally, cashew nut shell liquid is refined by chemical treatment with hydrocarbon sulfates and sulfuric acid before industrial use to reduce sulfide, nitrogenous compounds, and minerals, which also affects the quality of the nut shell liquid.
The treatment is generally performed by aqueous solutions of acids that reduce the vesicant activity of the liquid, but also treatments with amines were reported to reduce the content of cardol (Lubi and Thachil 2000). OZSTAR (www.ozstarmachinery.com) has the best nuts processing systems including roasters, fryers of different kinds and of various capacities to give you the perfectly roasted nuts!
OZSTAR also provides additional
equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts. OZSTAR (www.ozstarmachinery.com) has already
various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for
nuts controlled by touch screen.
Hiç yorum yok:
Yorum Gönder